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The clear exception in Fig. 4 is Latin America (LAM) where [N—N*] increased (but was slightly less in value in 1990 than in 1985). It may be that — even in the face of declining international resource prices — some of these countries have attempted to increase their exports of resources to the world to earn foreign exchange in order to service external debt. For example, World Bank data on the physical quantity of resource exports indicate that Mexico and Ecuador both increased the quantity of oil exports by 51 and 56% from 1980-1990 respectively. Indeed, Fig. 4 illustrates graphically that the analysis of linkages over time based only on the total value of resource flows is significantly affected by the (short-term) volatility of prices for certain resources. This suggests that it would also be interesting to extend our empirical model to analyse physical flows of traded resources as well as the total value of these flows.
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图表4 中的例外是[N--N*]增长的拉丁美洲(其1990年的交易值略少于1985年)
尽管在这样一个国际原材料价格下滑的大环境下, 一些国家还是在努力的增加其原材料出口量,以赚取外汇来偿还外债.例如,世界银行数据显示:从1980年到1990年,墨西哥和厄瓜多耳的原油出口量分别增长了51%和56%.
图表4 在原材料交易总价值的基础上,以图形的形式对不同时期的出口量之间的联系作出了分析. 在短期内,一些原材料的价格变化就会对原材料交易总值产生很大的影响. 这就说明,我们不仅要分析这些原材料交易的总值,同时也应该发展我们的实际应用模型,去关注这些原材料的实际流动.