求：中译英（II）
不同的人，对“爱”的定义也不尽相同。何况在不同文化背景、民族特色、风俗习惯等因素的酝酿中，人们对“爱”更是有着不同的表达方式。这些表达方式很朴素地，反映在他们的童话与民间传说中。透过对童话与民间传说的欣赏，我们或许能领略到不同地域的不同的“爱”。中国著名的民间传说有《梁祝》、《田螺姑娘》、《牛郎织女》……西方童话中，著名的格林兄弟收藏有《白雪公主》、《灰姑娘》、《莴苣姑娘》……安徒生先生写的《老头子做事总不会错》、《雪人》、《海的女儿》、《豌豆上的公主》等著名的和爱情有关的经典故事。这些爱情故事，滋生于不同的文化土壤中，文化背景的差异性导致一个民族的恋爱方式与婚姻习俗的不同。而“爱情和婚姻实质是一个民族文化深层结构的体现”，能折射出不同民族心理结构下的民族性格、人格意识、婚恋观。这是因为一个民族在原始的自然环境中形成了某种应对生存条件的方式，并在此基础上构成了对宇宙、自然、社会、人生独特的看法，这些观念通过种族世代相袭、承传下来，深深地沉淀在民族文化心理中，是民族文化的基本内核。这个民族文化深层结构分为四个层次：“即物态文化层，指人的物质生产活动及其产品的总和，是看得见模得着的具体实在的事物，如人们的衣、食、住、行等；二为制度文化层，指人们在社会实践中建立的规范自身行为和调节相互关系的准则；三为行为文化层，指人在长期社会交往中约定俗成的习惯和风俗，它是一种社会的、集体的行为，不是个人的随心所欲；四为心态文化层，指人们的社会心理和社会的意识形态，包括人们的价值观念、审美情趣、思维方式以及由此而产生的文学艺术作品”
中国文化是发源于黄河流域的农耕文化。汉民族的祖先最早生活在黄河流域，半封闭的大陆地势，丰沛的水资源，便于农作物的生长。随季节变化从事农业生产，自给自足超稳定的生活方式，这就养成了顺应性、适应性的民族心理，即被动接受、内向调适、避免冲突、追求天人合一、稳定和谐的性格特征。由经验性生产实践而产生的习俗观念对民族普遍心理势态产生决定性的影响，造成了汉民族严格而稳固的宗法伦理秩序，以原始血缘宗族传统为根基，个人严格自律，置家庭、家族利益于个人利益之上，这就出现了中华民族重视普遍伦理秩序的坚固、完整而忽视了个体的独立自主性。从春秋战国时期孔子的人伦情感、孟子的内圣人格，到汉代董仲舒倡导的“三纲五常”以及宋儒要求妇女“三从四德”的伦理纲常，都在不断丰富并强化这一文化心理结构。
参考答案:Different people to "love" the definition is not necessarily the same. Moreover, the different cultural backgrounds, ethnic characteristics, customs and other factors discussion, People "love" is a different way of expression. These very simple expression, as reflected in their folk tales and legends. Through their appreciation of folklore and fairy tales, we might be able to appreciate the different regions of "love." A famous Chinese folklore, the "Butterfly Lovers", "escargot girl", "The Myth"…… Western fairy tales. Green brothers famous collection of "Snow White" and "Cinderella" and the "lettuce Maiden"…… Mr. Andersen wrote the "old man you can always go wrong," "The Snowman", "The Sea Daughter" "The Princess Pea," the classic tale of love and the famous. These love story, different cultures breed in the soil. Cultural differences in background mode led to a nation of love and marriage customs are different. "Love and marriage is actually a manifestation of culture deep structure." different nationalities can expose the psychological structure of the national character, personality consciousness, love and marriage. This is because a nation formed a natural primitive living conditions of the deal. and on the basis of this form of the universe, nature, society, a unique view of life, these concepts through the generations throughout the race. passing down deep sediments in cultural psychology, culture is the basic kernel. The structure is divided into four levels : deep culture "that the state of cultural layer. refers to the sum total of material production and their products, gained a specific model is visible things, such as people's clothing. food, accommodation, transportation, etc.; two systems layer. People in the community refer to the norms established practice regulating their own behavior and their mutual relations; three layers of behavior. mean in the long-term social contacts common habits and customs, it is a social, collective, is not a personal pleases; four layers of cultural psychology, refers to the psychological and social ideology. It includes the values, aesthetic taste, the way of thinking and as a result, the literary and artistic works "
Chinese culture originated in the Yellow River valley farming culture. Han ethnic ancestors living in the Yellow River Basin, semi-enclosed topography of the continent, rich in water resources, facilitate the growth of crops. Change with the seasons engaged in agricultural production and self-sufficiency super stable life, which formed the compliance. Adaptability of the national psychology that passive acceptance, within herself, to avoid conflict and seek harmony between man and nature, stable and harmonious personality. The custom and practice from empirical concepts Situation of the nation generally have a decisive psychological impact, caused the Han nationality and strict ethical solid patriarchal order and the original blood lineage to the traditional foundation of personal discipline own family, the clan's interests above personal interests, which generally appeared attention of the Chinese people's strong ethical order. complete neglect of individual independence. Human emotion from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods Confucius, Mencius the Saints personality, Dong Zhongshu of the Han dynasty in the "San five" Women and Song requirements, "the three obediences and the four virtues of" ethical known philosophical systems. have been continuously enriched and strengthened the cultural and psychological structure.