英美国家的节日风俗英汉对照版或纯英文版!十万火急啊!
老师要偶们打印啊...速度啊!!!!!!10月4日之前!!!
参考答案:美重要节日风俗
英美重要节日风俗
英美重要节日
January
1 New Year's Day (新年）
15 Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday
19 Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday Observed
February
12 Lincoln's Birthday
14 Valentine's Day （情人节）
16 President's Day
22 Washington's Birthday
25 Ash Wednesday
March
8 International Women's Day（国际妇女节）
17 St. Patrick's Day
April
1 April Fools Day （愚人节）
5 Palm Sunday
10 Good Friday
Arbor Day （植树节）
11 Passover
12 Easter （复活节）
17 Orthodox Holy Friday
19 Orthodox Easter
22 Secretaries Day
22 Earth Day
May
6 Nurses'Day
7 National Day of Prayer
10 Mother's Day （母亲节）
16 Armed Forces Day
25 Memorial Day Observed
30 Memorial Day
June
14 Flag Day （美国国旗纪念日）
21 Father's Day
July
4 Independence Day （美国独立日）
August
2 Friendship Day
September
7 Labor Day
Grandparents Day
17 Citizenship Day
21 Rosh Hashanah
30 Yom Kippur
October
11 National Children's Day
12 Columbus Day
16 National Boss Day
17 Sweetest Day
24 United Nations Day
31 Halloween （万圣节前夜）
November
3 Election Day
11 Veterans Day （退伍军人节）
26 Thanksgiving
December
14 First Day of Hanukkah
25 Christmas （圣诞节）
26 First Day of Kwanzaa
生活在美国(二) 美国人的用餐习惯
美国人吃饭用刀叉，而且他们的用餐方式是很有讲究的。因此，在应邀与美国朋友一起吃饭时，应特别注意他们的用餐习惯。一般情况下，餐桌上摆放有一幅餐刀和两幅餐叉，外边的餐叉供你吃色拉，里边的餐叉用于吃主食和其它点心食品，餐刀用来切肉食。如果你两手并用，应左手握叉，右手握刀，而且一次握刀时间不能太长。美国人的早餐有：炒或煮鸡蛋、香肠、油炸土豆片、薄煎饼、果子冻、烤面包、松饼、桔子汁以及咖啡等。
Eating Custom and Practice 用餐习惯
American eating is funny. They eat almost everything with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in one's right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.
The system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可笑), but it is considered good manners.
There are several results of this system. First, if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife, Americans don't use one, because obviously this greatly complicates(使复杂化) things, and you will therefore see them trying to cut things like potatoes, fish and even bacon(熏猪肉) with a fork. Second, towards the end of a course, since only one implement(器具) is being used, food has to bo chased around the plate with the fork — and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the food in place, although one is not supposed to do this.
Third, tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks, the outside fork being for the salad. There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only a fork, but if you do use your knife, remerber to save it for the meat course. Even desserts(甜食) (except ice cream) are eaten with a fork if at all possible, and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee (but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).
Some Breakfast Dishes 早餐食谱
Breakfast in a restaurant is a very enjoyable experience. If you order eggs in a restaurant, the waiter/waitress will ask you how you want them . You can reply that you want them "scrambled(炒)" or "boiled". It is not sufficient, however, to ask for them "fried"; you will have to specify whether you would prefer them "sunny-side-up" (煎一面), "over"(两面煎), "over-easy/easy-over"(两面煎，但蛋黄仍然呈流体状).
American sausage(香肠) comes in slices and is quite spicy. But you can also have link sausage.
American bacon comes in small strips, can be rather fat, and is served crispy. It is usually very tasty, and you can eat it with your fingers.
"Hash brows"(油炸土豆片) are shredded(切成碎片的) and fried potatoes. They are wonderful, especially with fried eggs and ketchup(蕃茄酱).
"Pancakes", sometimes called "hot cakes", are made with baking power. They are normally served in a pile, and you are supposed to put butter and syrup(果浆) on them.
"Jelly"(果子冻) is jam and includes grape jelly, which is very tasty.
Toast is often served already buttered.
"English muffins(松饼)" are like small crumpets(烤饼) without the holes and are served toasted. You put jam on them.
A "biscuit"(软饼) is a snall, scone-like bread roll, often served hot.Orange juice and coffee are often serced with breakfast.
生活在美国(三) 美国人的主食
美国人吃午餐和吃晚餐之前通常要喝点鸡尾酒，但在加利福尼亚州，人们大都喝葡萄酒。吃主食之前，一般都要吃一盘色拉。炸磨茹和炸洋葱圈可作为开胃食品，牛排、猪排和鸡（腿）为主食，龙虾、贝壳类动物以及各种鱼类甚至包括淡水鱼被统称为海鲜。炸土豆条是深受人们喜爱而且几乎成了必不可少的食物。另外应特别注意的一点，如有吃剩的食物，一定要打包带回家，以免浪费。
Cocktail鸡尾酒
It is quite usual to drink cocktails before lunch and dinner in America and somewhat less usual, except in California, to drink wine with a meal. You can either have a cocktail in the bar, if there is one, while you wait for a table or for friends, or you can have one served before your dinner comes. At some restaurants the waiter/waitress will come to your table as soon as you sit down to ask if you want a cocktail, and you can then drink this while deciding what to order to eat. At others, there may be a separate cocktail waiter or waitress. In this case, you do not normally order wine from him or her but from the normal waiter- or the wine waiter is there is one.
Do not hesitate to order Californian wines. They can be excellent and in many parts of the country are cheap.
Salad 色拉
It is usual to have a salad with your meal, and a separate plate is provided for this purpose. The normal practice in America is to eat the salad before the main course. A wonderful American invention is the salad bar. In restaurants that have these salad bars the waiter does not bring your salad. You go to the salad bar and help yourself, usually to as much as you want. This is normally done after you have ordered your meal; you eat the salad while the main course is being cooked.
Choosing from the Menu 选菜
American menus can look rather confusing at first sight, for they may use some terms which are unfamiliar to most vistors. Here are some points which may be useful.
Fried mushrooms, fried onion rings (洋葱圈) and fried zucchini (小胡瓜) are sometimes served as starters (第一道菜).
Potatoes most often come "French-fried" or baked. If you order a baked potato, the waiter will ask you what you want on it. The choice is butter and/or sour cream and sometimes chives (细香葱).
Very often vegetables do not come automatically with the meal, and you have to pay extra for them.
"Scrod" (小鳕鱼), "red snapper" (啮龟) and "mahi hahi" are all name of fish. "Seafood"means lobster (龙虾), shellfish and fish, including,funnily enough, freshwater fish! Prawns (对虾) are known as "shrimp".
American beef is usually good and often wonderful.
American salt and pepper (糊椒粉) pots are confusing until you realize that the salt pot may look like a pepper pot except that the salt pot's holes are bigger. Pepper is normally black rather than white. American mustard (芥末) is mild and normally eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers rather than meat.
And that stuff in a dish that looks ice cream is actually whipped (搅拌过的) butter.
Leftovers 吃剩的食物
You have probably heard that in American restaurants, if you can't finish your meal, you can put the remains in a "doggy bag" and take them home. This is quite true. If you leave some meat, in particular, your waiter may ask you if you'd like him to put it into "a little bag", or you can ask him to do this.
生活在美国(四) 美国用餐常识
中国菜着重色、香、味， 西餐讲究实惠。初到美国餐馆用餐，应该注意如下事项：
1）选择合适的餐馆（如：家庭式餐馆、特色餐馆以及自助式餐馆等）；
2）餐馆营业时间（上午11：30开门营业，直到夜晚）；
3）一般都应事先预订餐位：
4）到达餐馆后，不能径直地到餐桌旁入桌，除非餐厅有“随意就坐”的告示；
5）付款时，别忘了留给服务员一定比例的小费（一般为实际总额的10%～15%）。
Eating out is one of the joy of being in the USA. The food is usually good and often excellent; the prices are reasonable ; and the service is mostly fine.
Choosing a Restaurant 选择餐馆
Some restaurants are open for breakfast; others are open twenty-four hours a day. A number of restaurants call themselves "family restaurants". Many of these serve no alcohol and have fairly restricted menus which include steaks, hamburgers, omelettes(炒蛋) and sandwiches, and all are at very reasonable prices. They may also serve smaller and cheaper children's portios(份餐). Note that many American restaurants are "speciatly" restaurants . They may serve only, or mainly , steaks , seafood, etc.
When to Eat 供餐时间
Many restaurants, especially the more expensive ones, open at about 11：30 a.m.(midday, rather than 1 p.m. , is the most normal time for lunch in the USA), and some remain open until the evening, so it is possible to order a meal throughout the afternoon.
In many areas it is usual for people to leave work and go out for an evening meal at 5 p.m. or 6 p.m. , than waiting until later.
Reserving a Table 预订餐位
Eating out is rather popular in the USA. And it is often necessary to make a reservation. You will sometimes see short queues of people waiting for tables at restaurants-it's more pleasant to wait in the bar , of course, if there is one-but there queues more quickly.
Arriving at Restaurant 到达餐馆
When you arrive at most restaurant, you should not just go in and sit down-unless you see a sign saying "Please seat yourself" . Usually you will have to wait for a "hostess" or "captain"(领班) to escort(陪同) you to a table . Often there will be a sign that reads "Please wait to be seated".
Do not expect to share a table with other parties, even if the restaurant is crowed . It just isn't done.
Many restaurant have a no-smoking section, in some place by lows.
One excellent American custom is that after you have sat down your waiter or waitress will often bring you a glass or water(with ice naturally) and will keep on refilling it throughout the meal. (Most American are incapable of eating a meal without drinking something at the same time.)
When your waiter or waitress takes your order, it is not very normal for one person to order for the whole table. Each person orders separately , except in the most expensive restaurants.
Summoning a waiter 召唤侍者
You may find your waiter unusually friendly. He may ask you how you are (You're supposed just to say "Fine"), inquire whether you have a good day and , later on say that he hopes you will enjoy your meal.
To summon a waiter in a American restaurant you may call "Bill", or "Mary", or "Claude", or whatever. Waiters and waitresses often actually introduce themselves when they first come to your table or wear name tags, you are permitted to use their first names.
Paying the Bill 付款
The bill (often called the "check") comes usually with tax added but no service chare-though some restaurant do now add a service charge. The etiquette(规矩) books say that you should leave a ten per cent tip(小费) for lunch, fifteen per cent for dinner. The tip should be calculated on the basis of the total before the addition of tax.
At many restaurant you can ask the waiter to bring the bill and than pay at a cash desk on the way out.
美国人种种
语言是文化的载体。美国不同阶段的经济文化变化都反映在语言中。随着时代变化，新的词语不断应运而生。继一次大战后的“迷惘的一代”（Lost Generation）和二次大战后的“垮掉的一代”（Beat Generation），又出现了“Baby Boomers”、“Yuppies”、“Dinks”、“Sandwich Generation”、“Couch Potato”、“Mall Rats”等等。
在第二次世界大战期间，美国大约有一千三百万人参加服役，其中许多人都没有结婚。在战后，他们纷纷组建家庭，生儿育女，因此在1946年至1964年这18年间，美国人口急剧增长，新生儿的人数共有七千八百万。不久美国人就称这一代为“Baby Boomers”。
这些“Baby Boomers”一改其父母对战争的“狂热”，对生活采取务实的态度。他们要弥补战争给父母所造成的损失，他们勤奋工作，少生孩子。他们其中的许多人都获得了成功，他们有抱负，受过高等教育，生活在城市，有专业性的工作，收入颇丰，生活很富裕。美国又为这些成功者命名为“Yuppies”，前三个字母是“young urban professionals”缩略。对“Yuppies”中那些不要孩子的人，美国人又将他们称为“Dinks”，它是“Duble Income， No kids”的缩写。
其实，“Baby Boomers”并不都是富有的“Yuppies”，有的夫妇不仅有孩子而且有老人要抚养，这样另一个名字又产生了，那便是“Sandwich Generation”，意味着这些人象三明治中的肉一样夹在老人和孩子之间，负担很重。
美国的电视业发展迅速，几乎所有人都能看到有线电视节目，家庭影剧院的出现更是许多人沉迷于电视，这种一有时间就坐在沙发上看电视的人被称为“Couch Potato”。它不禁使人们想到悠然坐在沙发里一声不吭，一动不动，象土豆似的人。
随着商业的发展繁荣，大的购物中心（shopping mall）不断涌现。逛购物中心成了一种乐趣，尤其是年轻人，他们即使不购物也在中心钻来钻去，象老鼠一样，美国人将他们戏称为“Mall Rats”。